Adding-machine.



' No. 660,l08. Patented Oct. 23, I900.

A. HOCH.

ADD!NG MACHINE.

(Application filed May 21, 1900.) (N0 Modem 7 Sheets-Sheet l.

THE "ohms F'EYERS co Puma-mum WAEHINGYON. nv c.

N0. 660,|08. Patented Oct. 23, I900. A. HOGH.

' ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed lily 21, 1900.)-

No. 660,l08, Patented Oct. 23, I900. 4

. A. HOCH.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application fiked May 21, 1900.) (N0 Models 7 Sheets$heet 3.

LIMA-J... H m I I I I I m WMQLMW Patented Oct. 23, I900. A. HOCH.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed May 21, 1900.) I

7 Sheets-8heet 4,

(No Model.)

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No. 660,108. Patented Oct. 23, I900.

A. HUGH. ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed May 21, 1900.] (No ModeLZ 7 Sheats-$heet 5 illl ' mllili'ri iNlIlIllllHl! Patented Oct. 23, I900.

No. 660,l08.

A. HOCH.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application filed May 21. 1900.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet S.

@X itumao No. 680,108. Patented 00f. 23, 1900. A. HOCH.

ADDiNG MACHINE.

(Application filed May 21, 1900.) 4N0 Mqdel.) 7 SheetsSheet 7.

'M I? alien pol o UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADAM I'IOOH, OF ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO MAX BIJUM, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

ADDING-MACHINE;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 660,108, dated October 23,1'o0. Application filed May 21, 1900.. Serial No. 17,46'H7. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADAM IIOOH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Alameda, county of Alameda, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to adding-machines of that class or description which are operated through the medium of finger-keys to print horizontal lines or rows of figures upon a strip of paper and also to add the numbers or figures as they are printed, so that finally the sum-total of all the numbers which have been printed and added may be ascertained and, if desired, printed at the bottom of the column. It is not, however, essential to my present invention that the numbers shall be both printed and added, although in modern machines this is desirable; but they may be printed only or added only, if desired.

For the sake of brevity I shall hereinafter sometimes use the term recording mechanism, and in such term I intend toinclude any mechanism that may be employed to add numbers, to print them, or to both print and add them.

In recording mechanism such as is contemplated for use in connection with my present invention it is necessary that a part of such mechanism be movable relatively to other parts in order to get a step-by-step feed to print or add the figures of a horizontal row in regular sequence and also to insure that the printing or adding shall begin at the highest order of the number to be printed or added, and to do this it is necessary to shift the movable part of the recording mechanism to the proper position to enable the recording mechanism to begin the record at the desired place. It is to accomplish these movements of the movable part of the recording mechanism that my present invention is designed.

With this object in View, therefore, my invention consists, essentially, of a set of independently-operating finger-keys, all of which will, through suitable interposed mechanism, control the action of the movable part of the recording mechanism to effect a step-by-step movement thereof to print or add or both print and add successive figures in a horizontal row, and some or all of such keys will also, through suitable interposed mechanism, control the movement of the movable part of the recording mechanism to set it in the proper position to begin the printing or adding, or

invention to such style of machine, for in such application various forms of printing and adding devices may be employed and the mechanisms interposed between the fingerkeys, and such adding and printing devices may also be varied without departing from the essential principles involved in the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view, the cover being removed. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the mechanism to actuate the printing-bar, the casing of the machine being omitted. Fig. 4 is a plan designed principally to show the arrangement of the operating-keys and their connections to the printing-bar. Fig. 5 is a detail of one of the operating parts not fully shown in any other figure. Fig. 6 is an elovation looking from the rear of the machine, the casing being partly omitted and some of the interior parts removed to more clearly illustrate what is designed to be shown. Fig. 7 is a similar view designed to show other parts of the operating mechanism. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the mechanism to shift the printing-bar from right to left and to feed the paper. Fig. 9 is a plan of the same. Fig. 10 is a detail. plan view of the swinging frame used to shift the printing-bar to its startingpoint. Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail view of the devices to support the printing-bar in the desired elevated position and to release the same after a figure has been printed. Fig. 12 is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 11.

Similar reference letters and numerals indicate similar parts in the respective figures.

In the machine illustrated and to be now described the recording mechanism comprises a printing-bar (t, a platen c, and a series of adding-wheels h, and of these the printingbar a is the part of the recording mechanism which moves relatively to the other parts thereof.

The printing-bar a has a series of type from 0 to 9 on the rear edge and is lifted by depressing a key 10 upon a bell-crank lever e, pivoted to a cross-bar 12, the latter being supported in the sides of the casing.

The bar a is slotted to receive a rib on a guide g, said guide sliding and swinging on a fixed cross-bar 13, and a rack 14 at the front edge of the printing-bar Ct is adapted to engage one of the gears 15 of a series of adding wheels 7t. The printing-baris lifted by means of cam-levers I), each pivoted at its upper end on a cross-bar 2, secured in the sides of the casing, and each connected by a rod to the vertically-extending arm 6 of one of the keylevers c, and each provided with an inclined cam-slot a; to receive a cross-bar 16 of a frame j, pivoted at 17. Two links 18, pivoted to the cross-bar 16, carry a cross-rod 19, passing through an ear on the printing-bar, which can thus slide on the rod 19.

The levers Z) are ten in number, and the cam-slots a; are at different inclinations, so that they will when operated move the bar 16 to different elevations, except that the slot at in the lever b, which is operated by the key which represents the figure O, is so arranged that it will not elevate the bar 16 at all. When the key representing 1 is operated, the bar 16, and with it the printingbar a, will be elevated one step, and so on, it being lifted nine steps to bring the figure 9 into printing position opposite the platen. The printing-bar and its guide also slide on a swinging bar 21, suspended by links 22 22 from the bar 13, so that by drawing forward the bar 21 the type end of the lever is carried toward the platen c.

24 is a bar extending across the machine and journaled in the sides thereof, and on this bar is pivoted a frame consisting of side barsfand cross-bars f and 25, the barf being connected to the bars f about midway of their length and the bar 25 near their lower ends. A link 23 connects the bars f and 21, and the bar 25 bears against the curved edge of a sector 61, pivoted at 15 and having a notch 29 and a lip 30.

At the upper end of the sector (1 is a curved slot 33, receiving a pin 34: on a link 35, hung to a cross-bar 36, carried by two arms 37, pivoted on the cross-bar 12, fixed in the casing, and the ends of the key-levers c extend back of the bar 36, so that on depressing any one key 10 the rod 36 is drawn forward, and with it the link 35, and the sector d is thus oscillated. This results in bringing the notch 29 opposite the bar 25, which then enters the notch with a quick action under the pull of a spring 38, which carries the lower ends of the barsf forward and drawing on the link 23 carries forward the bar 21 and swings back the upper end of the printing-bar, bringing its type against the platen c. It will be seen that this cannot result until the printing-bar has been lifted to the proper extent, as the bar is locked in place until the notch 29 is brought opposite to the bar 25, which can only occur after the key has been fully depressed. The key, however, with the cam-lever I), can return at once to its normal position under the action of a spring 39, the sector (Z remaining stationary during the first portion of the return movement of the key.

It is important to hold the printing-bar in any position to which it is elevated prior to printing, and this is effected by providing the frame j with a rack 10, having ten teeth or shoulders, (one to each figure on the bar,) and with this rack engages a spring-pawl 4E1, pivoted to the frame of the machine, so that when the frame with the n-inting-bar, has been lifted any number of steps they will be held in place until the printing is effected. This mechanism is on one side of the machine adjacent to one of the bars f.

Adjacent to the sector d and swinging on the same pivot is a second sector 13, having a slot 33, through which extends the pin 31, attached to the link 35, and the lower edge of the sector 1) is a cam edge 1 and is provided with a notch 28, which is for a purpose to be hereinafter referred to.

When a key 10 is depressed, the sectors (1 and 19 move together, and when the bar 25 is in the notch 29 of the sector at the part of the least radius of the cam edge 1 of the sector 1) will be engaged with the bar 25. A pawl m is pivoted at one end on the pawl 41, and its free end is held up by a spring 45" and is provided with a shoulder 13. \Vhen the bar 25 is in the notch 29, the end of the bar j" will be engaged with the shoulder 43. As soon as the depressed key 10 begins to return to its normal position under the action of the spring 39 the link 35 is carried back, thereby relieving the pressure of the pin 34 on the sector 1), and the lower end of the sector 2') will move forward under the action of the spring 31, which is connected to it, and the cam edge 1 of the sector will force the bar 25, and with it the loarfand pawls m and 1-1, toward the rear of the machine, and thereby release the pawl 11 from the rack t0, when the framej and printing-bar can drop. During this movement the upper end of the printing-bar will have moved out of contact with the paper, but will be prevented from moving into contact with the gear 15, because the rearward movement of the pawl 41 is limited by a pin 41, and as the shoulder 13 will remain engaged with the lower end of the bar f until released, as hereinafter described, the forward movement of the upper end of the printing-bar will be also limited. As the frame reaches its lowest position a lug 46 thereof strikes the top of the pawl m and depresses the latter until the shoulder 13 escapes the end of the bar f, when the latter will be free to be moved by the continued action of the sector 19 and spring 31, thereby releasing the segment (Z, which as sumes its normal position, and the printingbar a then (only after having reached its lowest position) is free to be swung forward to bring the rack 14 into engagement with the pinion 15. It will be seen that by the means above described the rack cannot engage the pinion 15 on descending nor until the printing-bar is in its lowest position. This action occurs on the return of every key except that which prints the last figure in the row, in which case the sector 61 is not released nor can the rack 14 be brought into engagement with a gear. This will be referred to hereinafter.

Adjacent to the pawl 41 is hung another pawl 0", having a shoulder 50, which engages a lug 51 on the framej when the latter has descended its full extent, and thus prevents any rebound. An arm 52 extends from the pawl r in position to be struck by the crossbar 25 as the leverfassumes its normal position, when the rack-teeth fully engage the pinion 15. If this does not occur, then the level-f will not fully swing back, and as the bar 25 does not strike the arm 52 the pawl 7' will retain the framej, and the parts cannot be further operated. In Fig. 11 the pawl r is in the position it would assume after being pushed back by the bar 25. This insures a proper engagement with the adding mechanism prior to other operations. A spring 0" tends normally to hold the pawl 1' against the lug 51.

The above operations ensue on depressing and then releasing any key 10 with the printing-bar in position opposite any column. A cross-bar 3 limits the backward movement of the cam-lever b.

Normally the printing-bar is in an extreme position at the right of the machine, and in order to begin the printing and adding of a number at its highest order it is necessary in this case that the bar be moved to the left until it is opposite the column and the adding-wheel representing such order. Thus if the number 1041 is to be printed and added the printing-bar must be moved until it is opposite the fourth column and the fourth adding-wheel (or rather the gear which ac tuates such adding-wheel) from the right. This movement is effected by mechanism to be now described, and such mechanism is controlled by some of the same keys 10 which control the printing and adding operations and also the step-by-step feed. In the particular case illustrated ten adding-wheels are shown; but the machine is designed to print. numbers not higher than the order of tens of millions, requiring eight figures to represent such order; but it can print numbers requiring any less number of figures than eight to represent them, or, in other words, it can printany number ranging from one to ninetynine million nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine.

As shown, therefore, only the keys indicating 1 to 8, inclusive, are operative to control the movement of the printing-bar to its starting-point to print. Obviously the key representing 9 could also be used for this purpose and any less number of keys might also be used for this purpoS6, t' course in the latter case decreasing proportionately the capacity of the machine.

The printingbar Ct, which is carried by the guide g, sliding on the bar 13, is carried laterally step by step by a bell-crank lever 8,;

Figs. 2, 8, and 9, pivoted at 64:, and the forked arm 56 of which receives a pin 57 on the hub 58 of the guide g.

To the same barf which. engages the pawl m is pivoted a pawl 60, Figs. 1, 3, and 9, which engages a rack 61 on the arm 62 of the lever .9. At 64 is also pivoted a lever t, carrying a Wedge 65, and when the lever i moves in the direction of its arrow, Fig. 9, the wedge 65 comes beneath the end of the pawl 60 and lifts the latter away from the rack. The lever 25 is moved by the following mechanism: A crossbar 66 of a frame it extends across the machine, between the arms c of the keylevers and the front of the machine. The frame it is pivoted on the bar 12, and its crossbar may swing toward and away from the front of the machine. On the top of the bar 66 a plate 200, wider than the bar, is supported to have a limited sliding movement thereon transversely of the machine, such movement being permitted by slot-and-pin connections, (indicated by 201.) The inner edge 202 of the plate 200 inclines toward the front of the machine rom right to left, this being the arrangement in this case, because the key representing 8 is to the rightof the machine; but if the positions of the keys were reversed the inclination of the edge would be reversed. As the front edges of the arms c of the key-levers are all in the same plane, it

follows that they are at unequal distances from the edge 202. The plate 200 is provided with a series of slots 203 of such width and arrangement that when the plate 200 is in its normal position, being held there by a spring 201, the arms 6 of the key-levers can work in such slots without moving the plate 200 or the swinging frame it, and these latter parts do not therefore interfere with the recording of a number. Another frame or yoke y, having a cross-bar 97, is also pivoted upon the bar 12 and, as shown, is outside the frame it and its bar (56. The special function of this frame will be referred to hereinafter. Upon the upper face of the bar 97 a plate 205 is supported to have a limited sliding movement equal to that of the plate 200 by means of a slot-and-pin connection, (indicated by 206,) and it is also provided with slots 207 and a spring 208 similar to and for the same purpose as those already referred to in connection with plate 200. From this plate 205 an arm 209 projects toward the rear of the 4 te ms machine, and from the plate 200 an arm 210 also projects in the same direction and has an upturned end 211, which loosely engages the side of the arm 209 in such manner that a lateral movement of the plate 205 against the force of its spring will imparta similar and uniform movement to the plate 200. The bell-crank lever s has an arm N projecting from it toward the front of the machine in such position that when the printing-bar a makes the last of its step-by-step movements to the right such arm N will engage the arm 209 and move it and with it the plates 205 and 200 against the action of their springs a sufficient distance to move the slots in such plates out of line with the arms 6 of the keylevers. When in this position, it is evident that if either of the keys 10, indicating from 1 to S, be depressed the arm e of its lever will engage the inner edge of the plate 205, and subsequently the inner edge of the plate 200 also. The inner edge of the plate 205 is equidistant from all the arms 0, so that it and the frame y will always move a uniform distance, no matter which key is depressed, and the plate 205 will also always have a more or less movement toward the front of the machine before the plate 200 and the frame it begin a similar movement, such independent movement being greatest when the key representing 1is depressedand least when the key representing 8 is depressed, and in this last case there need not necessarily be any independent movement. It follows, therefore, that the frame a and plate 200 will have a varying movement, the extent of such movement depending upon the position of the key depressed. A bar 73 is connected at one end to the bar 66 and at its other end to the lever 15, so that the movement of the frame a will be transmitted to the lever. A lever 68 is pivoted on the cross-bar 12 and has an arm 71 extending upwardly from its front end, which is connected at its upper end to the bar 66, so that when the frame a rocks on the bar 12 the lever 68 will also rock thereon. The lever 68 extends toward the rear of the machine and has a slot 69 in its inner end, through which extends the cross-barf. It will be observed that recesses 212 are formed in the front edge of the plate 205 just to one side of the slots 207 and in position to be e11- gaged by the arms 6 of the key-levers when the plate has been moved by the arm N. The function of these slots is to prevent the plate 205 slipping on the arms 6 of the key-levers under the tension of its spring after the plate has moved sufficiently to disengage its arm 209 from the arm N.

This being the construction of the parts, they will operate as follows: Assuming the plates 200 and 205 to have been shifted by the arm N and it is desired to set the printing-arm to begin the record of a new number at its highest orderas, for instance,the number 5123 the operator will depress the key indicating 4, and its lever-arm 6 will engage the edge of plate 205 and move it and its frame y a short distance toward the front of the machine before it (the lever) engages the edge of the plate 200. As soon as the latter is engaged both plates will move toward the front of the machine together until the key is fully depressed. The frames a and y will thus be rocked on the bar 12, and the rocking of u will also cause the lever 68 to rock on the bar 12, and thereby lift its inner end. hen the inner end of the lever 68 rises, the edge of the slot, acting on the cross-bar f, swings the side bar fto carry the printing-bar rack out of engagement with the pinion 15 of the adding device, so that the printing-bar can move laterally without engaging eit-her the adding devices or the platen, the position of the cross-barf in the narrow portion of the slot 69 preventing any vibration of the printing-bar, although the latter will of course be elevated. The rocking movement of the frame it also pulls the arm 73 and through it the lever t in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 0, and as the lever moves forward and'the wedge lifts the pawl 00 the lever 11 strikes a pin '74- on the crank-lever s and carries the latter in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 9, and shifts the printing-bar to the left. The extent or column to which the printing bar is thus shifted depends upon the extent to which the frame a is swung. As the edge of the plate 200 is inclined, it will be carried farther in proportion as the key struck is nearer the right of the machine. The general action of the printing-bar after printing a figure is, first, to move out of contact with the paper, next to drop to its lowest position, then to move one step to the right, and then, except after printing the last figure in a row, to move forward into engagement with one of the pinions 15. To the bar 24; is secured a notched guide-plate 4:, a notch 1&0 being opposite each pinion, and the printing-bar a must enter a notch 140 before it engages a pinion. After printing the last figure in the row there is no notch for the bar to enter, and consequently it engages the plate 4 before it has moved forward sufficiently to release the bar 25 from the notch 29 in the sector (1. As the printing-bar normally is to the right of the first printing-column, it must be shifted (to begin operations) to a position opposite one of the columns. The notch 28 is therefore provided in the sector 19, so that as the arm 08 rises the bar fcan be swung back, carrying the bar 25 into the notch 28, thereby swinging the printing-bar clear of the guideplate 4: before beginning to shift it laterally. lVhcn the rear end of the arm (38 descends, drawn down by a spring 77, the cross-bar f moves back into the enlarged end of the slot 69, and the printing-bar rack then engages the adding devices, and the bar 25 is disengaged from the notches 28 and 20 in the sectors d and p, and the sector (1 moves back and locks the bar 25. On the return movement of the barf after a number has been printed in one column the pawl 60 engages one of the teeth of the rack 61, and thus turns the lever s sufficiently to carry the guide 9 and the printing-bar to the next column to the right. In order to exactly define the position of the printing-bar when shifted to any column to start a record by depressing any one of the keys 10, each key has an arm 71 extending below its pivot, to the lower end of which is connected a stop-bar 90, which is thrust forward on the depression of the key into position to be struck by a shoulder or lug 92, of which there is a series on'a bar 93, carried with the arm 56 of the lever s. The said arm and the printing-bar are therefore arrested exactly in the proper position. When the key is released, the spring 94 returns it to its normal position and the stop-bar is retracted. The spring 94: is connected to the down wardlyprojecting arm '71 on the key. The depressing of a key to set the bar to a starting-point is also made the means of feeding the paper by turning the platen 0, around which the paper passes. This is effected from the yoke or frame y, from which a rod 81 extends, and is connected with a lever 86, from which a rod 87 extends to a pawl 88, carried by an arm 89, swinging on the shaft of the platen. When therefore a key is depressed and springs the yoke y forward, the latter will actuate rods 81 and 87 and the pawl and turns the platenroll one step.

I make no claim herein for any of the features of construction or arrangement of the particular mechanism illustrated to move the printing-bar vertically to effect the adding and printing, nor, in fact, to any other feature of the machine described, except the mechanisms controlled by the one set of operating-keys to effect the movement of the movable part of the recording mechanism in reverse directions, and so far as these features are concerned I do not limit myself in any way to the mechanisms shown and described, but consider that my invention includes any form or arrangement of mechanisms involvin g the same principles of operation or accomplishing the same result-to wit, the use of one set of keys only to control the movement of a movable part of a recording mechanism in reverse directions.

Having described the invention, I claim- 1. In machines of the general class de scribed, a recording mechanism one part of which is movable relatively to the other, combined with keys,and mechanism controlled by the keys to effect a step-by-step movement of said movable part, and another mechanism also controlled by the same keys to shift said movable part to position to begin the record of a number at its highest order, the extent of the latter movement varying according to the key struck, substantially as set forth.

2. In machines of the general class described, a recording mechanism one part of which is movable laterally with respect to the other, mechanism to effect a step-by-step movement of said movable part in one direction, mechanism to effect a direct movement of said movable part to a predetermined point in the opposite direction, and a set of independently-operating keys common to both mechanisms, the respective keys determining respective degrees of the latter movement, substantially as set forth.

3. In machines of the general class described, a recording mechanism, one part of which is movable laterally with respect to the other, operating-keys, mechanism controlled by said keys to effect a step-by-step move ment of the movable part, another mechanism also controlled by said keys to efiect a reverse movement of said movable part varying in extent according to the key struck, and devices to automatically put the last-named mechanism under control of the said operat ing-keys, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a machine of the general class described, a single set of operating-keys, a recording mechanism one part of which is movable relatively to the other part, and two independent mechanisms both controllable by the said keys, one to move the said movable part in one direction and the other to move it in the opposite direction, the extent of move ment in one direction varying according to the key struck, substantially as set forth.

5. In a machine of the class described, a recording mechanism one part of which is movable relatively to the other and designed to have a variable starting-point and a fixed stopping-point, combined with a single set of keys, and mechanism controlled by each of said keys independently to effect a step-bystep movement of the movable part from its starting to its stopping point, and another mechanism also controlled by a plurality of the same keys to effect the movement of the movable part from its stopping to its starting point, the extent of such movementvarying according to the key struck, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADAM HOOH.

IVitnesses:

FREDERICK BARUOH, W. P. .IonNsoN. 

